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Prevention Of Significant Deterioration
www.PreventionOfSignificantDeterioration.com

Prevention Of Significant Deterioration - PSD

What is "Prevention Of Significant Deterioration"?

In 1977, the U.S. Congress established the New Source Review (NSR) permitting program as part of the 1977 Clean Air Act 

Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) applies to new major sources or major modifications at existing sources for pollutants where the area the source is located is in attainment or unclassifiable with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). 

Prevention of Significant Deterioration requires the following:

• Installation of the "Best Available Control Technology or "BACT"

• Air quality analysis

• Additional impacts analysis

• The public's inclusion/involvement

What is the purpose of Prevention of Significant Deterioration? 

Prevention of Significant Deterioration does not prevent sources from increasing emissions. Instead, Prevention of Significant Deterioration is designed to accomplish the following:

• Protect the public health and welfare  

• Preserve, protect, and enhance the air quality in national parks, national wilderness areas, national monuments, national seashores, and other areas of special national or regional natural, recreational, scenic, or historic value 

• Insures that economic growth will occur in a manner consistent with the preservation of existing clean air resources  

• Assures that any decision(s) to permit an increase in air pollution in any area to which this section applies is made only after careful evaluation of all the consequences of such a decision and after adequate procedural opportunities for informed public participation in the decision making process

What is PSD Increment? 
PSD increment is the amount of pollution an area is allowed to increase. PSD increments prevent the air quality in clean areas from deteriorating to the level set by the NAAQS. The NAAQS is a maximum allowable concentration "ceiling." A PSD increment, on the other hand, is the maximum allowable increase in concentration that is allowed to occur above a baseline concentration for a pollutant. The baseline concentration is defined for each pollutant and, in general, is the ambient concentration existing at the time that the first complete PSD permit application affecting the area is submitted. Significant deterioration is said to occur when the amount of new pollution would exceed the applicable PSD increment. It is important to note, however, that the air quality cannot deteriorate beyond the concentration allowed by the applicable NAAQS, even if not all of the PSD increment is consumed.

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What is "New Source Review"?

In 1977, the U.S. Congress established the New Source Review (NSR) permitting program as part of the 1977 Clean Air Act Amendments.  The New Source Review is a pre-construction permitting program that serves two important purposes.

1. The New Source Review ensures that air quality is not significantly degraded from the addition of new and modified factories, industrial boilers and power plants. In areas with unhealthy air, the New Source Review assures that new emissions do not slow progress toward cleaner air. In areas with clean air, especially pristine areas like national parks, the New Source Review assures that new emissions do not significantly worsen air quality.

2. The New Source Review program assures people that any large new or modified industrial source in their neighborhoods will be as clean as possible, and that advances in pollution control occur concurrently with industrial expansion. New Source Review permits are legal documents that the facility owners/operators must abide by. The permit specifies what construction is allowed, what emission limits must be met, and often how the emissions source must be operated.

The New Source Review or "NSR" requires owners of stationary sources of air pollution to obtain permits before the start of construction. The New Source Review is also referred to as; construction permitting or pre-construction permitting. 

There are three categories of New Source Review permitting requirements (a source may have to meet one or more of these permitting requirements). 

The three categories of New Source Review requirements are:

• Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) permits:  Required for new major sources or a major source making a major modification in an attainment area;
  

• Non-attainment NSR permits:  Required for new major sources or major sources making a major modification in a non-attainment area; 
  

• Minor source permits.

What are New Source Review Permits? 

New Source Review Permits are the legal documents that the owners/operators of the source must follow. 

NSR Permits specify what construction is allowed, what the emissions limits are, and must be complied with and often how the source must be operated.  NSR Permits may contain conditions to make sure that the source is built to match parameters in the application that the permit agency relied on in their analysis. For example, the permit may provide specification relating to stack heights that the permit agency used in their analysis of the source. Some limits in the permit may be present at the request of the source to keep them out of other requirements, i.e. the source may take limits in a minor NSR permit to keep the source out of PSD. To assure that sources follow the permit requirements, permits also contain monitoring, record-keeping, and reporting requirements.


Who Issues the NSR Permits? 

Typically, New Source Review permits are issued by the state or local air pollution control agencies the source is located in.

The EPA issues the permit in some cases. State and local air pollution control agencies may have their own permit programs that are approved by EPA in the State Implementation Plan (SIP) or they may be delegated the authority to issue permits on behalf of EPA.  (See the permit agency contacts page for more information.)

What is "Best Available Control Technology" (BACT)?

Best Available Control Technology is an emissions limitation program which is based on the maximum degree of control that can be achieve. It is a case-by-case decision that considers energy, environmental, and economic impact. BACT can be add-on control equipment or modification of the production processes or methods. This includes fuel cleaning or treatment and innovative fuel combustion techniques. Best Available Control Technology may be a design, equipment, work practice, or operational standard if imposition of an emissions standard is infeasible.

The RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse (RBLC) database contains information on what has been required as Best Available Control Technology in air permits.

What is an Air Quality Analysis? 

The main purpose of an air quality analysis is to demonstrate that any new (proposed) emissions emitted from a proposed major stationary source or major modification, in conjunction with other applicable emissions increases and decreases from existing sources, will not cause or contribute to a violation of any applicable NAAQS or PSD increment.

Typically, the Air Quality Analysis will involve the following two items; 

1.  An assessment of existing air quality, which may include ambient monitoring data and air quality dispersion modeling results

2.  Predictions, using dispersion modeling, of ambient concentrations that will result from the applicant's proposed project and future growth associated with the project.

Class I areas are areas of special national or regional natural, scenic, recreational, or historic value for which the PSD regulations provide special protection. The Federal Land Manager (FLM), including the State or Indian governing body, where applicable, is responsible for defining the specific Air Quality Related Values (AQRV's) for an area and for establishing the criteria to determine an adverse impact on the Air Quality Related Values.  If a Federal Land Manager determines that a source will adversely impact AQRV's in a Class I area, the Federal Land Manager may recommend that the permitting agency deny issuance of the permit, even in cases where no applicable increments would be exceeded. However, the permitting authority makes the final decision to issue or deny the permit.

"Best Available Control Technology" or "BACT" refers to an air emissions limitation based on using the most current, state-of-the-art methods, systems, techniques, and production processes available to achieve the greatest feasible air emissions reductions. These processes also include fuel cleaning or treatment or innovative fuel combustion techniques for control of emissions' pollutant. These are the most stringent requirements for new or modified sources and are determined on a case-by-case basis as part of New Source Review, by the permitting authority, taking into account energy, environmental, economic and other costs of control. 

Best Available Control Technology is also specific to a facility and whether it is in an attainment or non-attainment area.

The EPA proposes to adopt a presumption that, in the case of PSD permits issued by EPA under 40 CFR 52.21, BACT for emissions of nitrogen oxides from coal-fired electric utility steam generating units is the technology required under section 407 of the Clean Air Act. In general, this will call for the use of combustion modification and/or low-NOx burners or similar, cost- effective technologies by those utilities required to obtain PSD permits for NOx emissions.

The proposed presumption is consistent with Best Available Control Technology requirements because it does not purport to relieve the permitting authority of the obligation to weigh the statutory factors in reaching BACT determinations. Rather, it reflects an exercise of policy judgment by the permitting authority that in most cases a Best Available Control Technology analysis of currently demonstrated technologies for retrofitting existing utility boilers would lead to the selection of low NOx burners and/or combustion modifications identified in section 407(b)(1).

What are Nitrogen Oxides?

Nitrogen Oxides, or NOx, is the generic term for a group of highly reactive gases, all of which contain nitrogen and oxygen in varying amounts. Many of the nitrogen oxides are colorless and odorless. However, one common pollutant, nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) along with particles in the air can often be seen as a reddish-brown layer over many urban areas.

Nitrogen Oxides form when fuel is burned at high temperatures, as in a combustion process. The primary sources of NOx are motor vehicles, electric utilities, and other industrial, commercial, and residential sources that burn fuels.

Reasons for Concern: Nitrogen Oxides

What are Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)

• are one of the main ingredients involved in the formation of ground-level ozone, which can trigger serious respiratory problems.

• reacts to form nitrate particles, acid aerosols, as well as NO₂, which also cause respiratory problems.

• contributes to formation of acid rain.

• contributes to nutrient overload that deteriorates water quality.

• contributes to atmospheric particles, that cause visibility impairment most noticeable in national parks.

• reacts to form toxic chemicals.

• contributes to global warming.

Nitrogen Oxides and the pollutants formed from NOx can be transported over long distances, following the pattern of prevailing winds in the U.S. This means that problems associated with NOx are not confined to areas where NOx are emitted. Therefore, controlling NOx is often most effective if done from a regional perspective, rather than focusing on sources in one local area.

Nitrogen Oxides are increasing.

Since 1970, EPA has tracked emissions of the six principal air pollutants - carbon monoxide, lead, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, and volatile organic compounds. Emissions of all of these pollutants have decreased significantly except for NOx which has increased approximately 10 percent over this period.

How can Nitrogen Oxides be Removed from the Environment?

Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) is a proven and effective method to reduce nitrogen oxides which is an air pollutant associated with the power generation process. Nitrogen oxides are a contributor to ground level ozone. 


How does Selective Catalytic Reduction work?

Selective Catalytic Reduction Systems work similar to a catalytic converter used to reduce automobile emissions. Prior to exhaust gases going up the smokestack, they will pass through the Selective Catalytic Reduction System where anhydrous ammonia reacts with nitrogen oxide and converts it to nitrogen and water.

* Some of the above information from the Department of Energy website with permission.

What is Greenhouse Gas Reporting?

Greenhouse gas reporting is required of certain companies within certain industries depending on the amount of greenhouse gas emissions they generate.

More specific information and updates follow from the following information which was adapted from the EPA's website:

In response to the FY2008 Consolidated Appropriations Act (H.R. 2764; Public Law 110–161), EPA issued the Mandatory Reporting of greenhouse gas emissions - known as Rule (74 FR 56260).  This rule requires reporting of the data relating to greenhouse gas emissions and other relevant information from large sources and suppliers in the United States. The purpose of the rule is to collect accurate and timely GHG data to inform future policy decisions. 

In general, the Rule is referred to as 40 CFR Part 98 (Part 98). Implementation of Part 98 is referred to as the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP).

Suppliers of certain products that would result in greenhouse gas emissions if released, combusted or oxidized; direct emitting source categories; and CO₂ injection facilities that sequester CO₂ underground in the form of geologic sequestration or any purpose other than geologic sequestration, are covered in Part 98.

Is Your Company or Industry Subject to Greenhouse Gas Reporting?

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) now mandates greenhouse gas reporting of greenhouse gas emissions under the U.S. EPA's Clean Air Act. 

The Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP) minimum annual threshold reporting greenhouse gas emissions is 25,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide emissions each year.

The GHGRP rule requires annual reporting of a company's carbon emissions for their greenhouse gas emissions including;

• carbon dioxide (CO2)

• methane (CH4)

• hydrofluorocarbons (HFC's)

• nitrous oxide (N2O)

• sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)

• and other "fluorinated" greenhouse gases

Those businesses and their facilities that emit 25,000 metric tons or more per year of greenhouse gas emissions are required to submit annual reports to EPA. 

Part 98 was published in the Federal Register (www.regulations.gov) on October 30, 2009 under Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2008-0508-2278.

Latest Developments

On November 9, 2011, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency finalized technical corrections and other clarifying amendments to seven subparts under the Greenhouse Gas Reporting (40 CFR part 98). In this action, EPA amended 40 CFR part 98 to correct technical and editorial errors and to address certain issues identified as a result of working with entities required to report during rule implementation and outreach. In general, these amendments do not change the overall requirements of the rule but improve clarity and ensure consistency across the calculation, monitoring and data reporting requirements. In addition, EPA has provided a one-time extension of the reporting deadline to September 28, 2012 for the 12 source categories (I, L, T, W, DD, FF, II, QQ, RR, SS, TT, UU) that began collecting data in 2011 to ensure sufficient time for development and stakeholder testing of the electronic Greenhouse Gas Reporting tool for these subparts. 

Energy Investment Banking
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www.EnergyInvestmentBanking.com

What is Energy Investment Banking?

Energy investment banking is very similar to traditional investment banking in that energy investment banks raise capital, trade in securities and manage corporate mergers and acquisitions, except that energy investment banks operate in the energy, oil and natural gas and more recently, renewable energy sectors.

We are interested in working with principals at energy investment banks that have interest in providing capital for companies in the energy, oil and natural gas and renewable energy industries.  The companies we either represent or are providing consulting services to have;  superior products, services, assets, management–led buyouts, acquisition financings, minority recapitalizations, capital for funding the growth of existing businesses or other opportunities - all of which are led by a superior management team that is adept at generating average profits and provide a "durable competitive advantage."

Companies we are interested in assisting include:

1.  Superior Management Teams: The present management team must have a proven record of achievement, exceptional ability, unyielding determination, and unquestionable integrity. We believe it is best to leave control with current the present owners and/or management team so that they can focus on their products/services, customers, employees and shareholders well for the long term.

2.  Investment Size: $5 million to $25 million of equity capital. We may partner or syndicate with other investors or venture capital firms larger transactions.

3.  EBITDA: Near–profitable to $10 million.

4.  Growth: Historical growth of at least 20% per year which is sustainable into the future.

5.  Market Size: Growing rapidly or large enough to allow company to achieve $100 million in revenues.

6.  Industry: Present emphasis is in the energy, oil and natural gas - with a specific emphasis in the midstream oil and gas and midstream assets sector, as well as renewable energy.

7.  Location:  Continental U.S.

We seek to make investments for at least 6 to 7 years and provide "patient capital" for sustained growth and to assist our portfolio companies in succeeding. 

PLEASE NOTE: We do NOT have interest in any of the following:  startups, publicly traded companies, real estate developments of any kind, project finance or funding opportunities, oil and gas exploration companies (oil and gas production companies acceptable), troubled companies, turnarounds or in any company where senior management is departing.

If you have a business and financing need that meet all of the above criteria (items 1 - 7) above, we would be interested in reviewing an Executive Summary of your Business Plan.  Please send the complete executive summary to us at: info@EnergyInvestmentBanking.com

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How we make and distribute electricity is changing! 

The electric power generation, transmission and distribution system (the electric "grid") is changing and evolving from the electric grid of the 19th and 20th centuries, which was inefficient, highly-polluting, very expensive and “dumb.”  

The "old" way of generating and distributing energy resembles this slide:

Hubbert's Peak Oil Predictions Now Proving True?

Marion King Hubbert was a geologist and scientist who worked at Shell Oil company's research lab in Houston, Texas.  Hubbert made several important contributions to geology, geophysics and petroleum geology.  Hubbert is most recognized for the "Hubbert Curve" and " Hubbert Peak Theory" which is now referred to as " Peak Oil. 

Hubbert's life work determined that the world has a finite amount of petroleum that can be produced.  (Similarly, there is a finite amount of coal.) Many scientists and engineers believe we have reached Hubbert's "peak oil" limit.  Hubbert's espouses that when 50% of domestic crude oil production has been reached, that there will be such significant upward demand on prices of the limited supplies of oil production, that the U.S. economy will experience severe economic, social, and political turmoil.

Hubbert's Peak Oil predictions have proven to be true and this is validated as the U.S. in the early 1970's produced about 60% of its' oil demand and imported 40%.  That equation has flipped since then, because our domestic oil production has been on the decline since 1970, so now, due to our declining domestic oil production, we have to import 60% of our oil supplies, to meet our country's oil/energy demands.

The Next Oil Shock Could be the "mother" of All Oil Shocks

How severe our economic calamity and next "oil shock" will depend upon a number of factors, including when this occurs, as well as the following:

1.  the dependence of the individual country upon its own crude oil production to meet its energy needs and to subsidize consumer imports; 

2.  the rate of relative decline in crude oil production; 

3.  the degree of difficulty encountered in replacing missing energy inputs; 

4.  the degree to which our country had prepared in advance for this inevitable geological and economic calamity.

Examples of past "oil shocks" and the economic and political calamities that followed:

United States: Our peak crude oil production of domestic oil occurred in 1970; the first "oil shock" and oil crisis followed in 1973 with the Arab/OPEC Oil Embargo.

Soviet Union: Their peak crude oil production was in 1989; what happened next? 
Their country disintegrated and the collapse of the Soviet Union followed in 1991. 

Indonesia: Their peak crude oil production was in 1991; their financial and government crisis followed in 1997.

Iraq: Iraq's crude oil production was in 1989; they then invaded Kuwait (for their oil) in 1991.

Iran: Their peak crude oil production occurred in 1974; They had their islamic revolution 1979 that overturned government and replaced it with radical islam.

Using Mr. Hubbert's predictions, that beginning around 2000  we would see peak (global) oil production, then, if the country's not weaning themselves off of their oil addiction, and had not begun making the switch to renewable energy, that the negative economic and political calamities would soon follow, including ever-increasing prices of energy that is from fossil fuels. 

Now is the time to begin weaning ourselves off of fossil fuels and making the transition to and increasing the use of renewable energy. If you don't believe in climate change, or global warming, GREAT! Join us in the switch to renewable energy and a fossil-free economy!

America's "Clear and Present Danger"

America Has INCREASED its' Dependence on Foreign 
Sources of Energy by 50% Since 1973.

America is even more "addicted" to foreign oil today, than we were in 1973 - 1974 when OPEC, Saudi Arabia and other suppliers from the Middle-East  stopped selling us their fossil fuels, and created a significant blow to our economy.
 

This Means that 65% of America's Energy Supplies are Now Imported from Suppliers from Foreign Countries.  

Simply put, about 65% of the gasoline in your car's gas tank, comes from a foreign country.

EVERY day, the U.S. must IMPORT over 13 million bbls of oil from foreign countries and foreign suppliers to meet demand. 

At $80/barrel of oil, this also means that $1,040,000,000.00 American Dollars leave our country, EVERY DAY, to foreign countries/suppliers of our fossil fuels, to pay for the energy we need. 

That's $1 Billion EVERY day leaving our economy, and going to support a foreign country's economy. 

Talk about our foreign trade deficit..... nearly $400 Billion each year, leaves our country to pay for our oil addiction and the energy we need.  To be exact, that's $379,600,000,000.00 American Dollars.

This is NOT acceptable.

America needs to quickly transition to Energy Independence. 

Renewable Energy is the Only Way America Can Achieve Energy Independence. 

Millions of new and sustainable American jobs would be created here at home, if we would end our addiction to foreign fossil fuels, and quickly transition to an economy based on renewable energy and renewable fuels, produced here in the U.S.A. 

The good news is that today, America already has all of the Renewable Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Technologies needed to make American Energy Independence a reality. 

According to Monty Goodell, Founder and Chairman of the Renewable Energy Institute, "our increased dependence and reliance on foreign energy supplies represents a Clear and Present Danger to our national security, our economy, and the lives and livelihood of every American. Energy - including the energy we use from imported fossil fuels, is the very "lifeblood" of the American economy as it is for every industrialized country.  An economy dies without it's lifeblood of energy. This Clear and Present Danger we face is far more serious than the problems related to greenhouse gas emissions.  And while greenhouse gas emissions are very serious issue, in the long-term, pales in comparison to America's vital national security interests and America's economic stability in the short term.  For this reason alone, America needs to transition away from its addiction to foreign energy supplies. And America's abundant renewable energy resources such as the energy we receive from the sun, and renewable energy technologies such as concentrated solar power (CSP) plants - can supply 100% of America's power requirements with a concentrating solar power plant measuring 75 miles by 75 miles, located in the Southwest U.S.  By generating America's power from concentrating solar power plants, America resolves its' short-term Clear and Present Danger as it relates to importing its energy from foreign countries, and the long-term problems relating to greenhouse gas emissions."

Continuing, Mr. Goodell states that "too many Americans have forgotten what happened to us in 1973, when the Arabs and OPEC brought the United States economy to a screeching halt during the OPEC Oil Embargo.  This happened because they (mainly the country of Saudi Arabia) disagreed with our foreign policy and is the reason why they "turned off the tap" of our need for their oil supplies. When Saudi Arabia and OPEC stopped the vital flow of oil to our country in 1973, they caused an "oil shock" that severely and negatively impacted our economy. 

Mr. Goodell's question for us to ponder is, "do these countries who sell us 60% of our daily energy requirements, like us and our foreign policy, or might they leverage our addiction to their fossil fuels, and turn off the tap to make us adjust or revise our foreign policy??  Like any addict, America's foreign policy may be held hostage to its addiction, and in this case, our addiction to foreign oil, may over-ride our national interests."

Have American's forgotten the gas shortages and long lines at 
their gas stations to get gas during the Arab Oil Embargo of 1973? 

"Apparently so."  Mr. Goodell states that "in 1973, America was 'addicted' and 'over the barrel' of foreign oil to the amount of 40%.  Forty percent of our energy 'needs' in 1973 came from countries - many of which didn't like us then, and I'm afraid, many of them still don't.  The difference between 1973 and today - is that today we receive 50% MORE foreign oil now than we did in 1973.  And now we know about the problems relating to greenhouse gas emissions that we didn't know then.  America needs to change course, and change course now, in terms of its' energy supplies and how we keep America's economy strong, without the threat of being held hostage to a middle-east tyrant or regime, that could once again, turn on us, and turn off our supply of foreign oil." 

Remember ????

"Sadly," Monty Goodell continues, "most Americans have forgotten the long lines of people waiting in their cars - lined up and waiting for gasoline at their nearby gas station, with lines that were many blocks long.  And, after waiting 4-5 hours, many even waiting overnight in many places, to finally take their turn to fill up their car with gasoline, only to find that the gas station had run out of gas."

"Let me Repeat.... That was 1973 when we imported 40% of our daily energy requirements in the form of crude oil from overseas, and from foreign countries - and many of these from countries that don't like us.

Today, over 35 years later, America has yet to learn the lesson.  We cannot continue our reliance on energy from foreign countries that supply us with 60% of the crude oil that our refineries use as a feedstock for producing gasoline and diesel fuel for our cars and trucks comes from overseas. 

America is "over the barrel" and it's not our barrel, but the barrels of oil that we are addicted by and owned by other countries.  Why have we not learned the lessons we needed to learn in 1973 when we were cut-off from the vital energy supplies we need? 

Countries like China, are growing rapidly, and have an insatiable need for crude oil. China, with their booming economy, is increasingly growing in its clout and control over international supplies of crude oil - whether they do this through their ability to buy as much oil as they need on a daily basis, or whether they simply but American drilling rigs, technology, and explore and produce oil and gas from their own fields. China, is buying large amounts of oil for their country, and causing upward pricing on declining supplies. What happens if Russia, with all of their oil and natural gas, along with China and Venezuela, with or without the help of OPEC, decided to NOT sell oil to us????

To be sure, greenhouse gas emissions are a problem, and to some, greenhouse gas emissions are also a Clear and Present Danger, but not to the extent that it presents an imminent Clear and Present Danger. 

America's reliance for 60% of our energy "needs" coming from foreign suppliers is un-acceptable.

The "driver" to get America to begin reducing and eliminating fossil fuel use should be our nation's national security and the welfare and safety of its citizens. And this can all begin with developing and investing in our own renewable energy resources and renewable energy technologies, let's start by putting solar on every rooftop that has a clear and unobstructed view of the Southern sky. See www.RooftopPV.com  or  www.DistributedPV.com  for more information.  Let's create incentives begin with adopting a national "Feed In Tariff" as Germany did in 1990. 

We simply do NOT have the luxury of time on our hands.  We need to end our dependence and reliance on foreign fossil fuels, especially from countries that don't like us! We need to rapidly begin expanding renewable energy resources and renewable energy technologies from our vast and abundant renewable energy resources, such as; solar, solar energy systems, solar cogeneration, solar trigeneration, "solar on every roof," along with; Biomass Gasification, B100 Biodiesel, Biomethane, E100 Ethanol (from cellulosic, agricultural waste, sugar cane, etc., and NOT from corn), Geothermal Power Plants, Natural Wastewater Treatment, Synthesis Gas, Waste To Energy, Waste To Fuel and Wind Power Generation where it makes economic and environmental sense."   

For more information, call/email:
the Renewable Energy Institute

Are you doing your part to prevent Climate Change and End America's Reliance on Foreign Energy?  

Our following EcoGeneration technologies, including; Biomethane, B100 Biodiesel and Synthesis Gas Fuels Generated from our "Waste to Fuel" technologies,  are Carbon Free Energy and Pollution Free Power solutions that will:

* forever change the way energy is generated and used.

* eliminate or greatly reduce our customer's electric demand charges and electric expenses.

* slow, stop and eventually reverse climate change by reducing and then eliminating anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions - of which carbon dioxide emissions makes up 80% of all greenhouse gas emissions.

* reduce and eventually eliminate the use of coal and other fossil fuels.

* reduce the need for inefficient and expensive central power plants owned by utility companies. 

* promote energy independence.

* end America's dependence on oil from OPEC and other countries in the Middle-East, Venezuela and end our need for importing natural gas from Russia.

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Prevention Of Significant Deterioration
www.PreventionOfSignificantDeterioration.com

Prevention Of Significant Deterioration - PSD

info@PreventionOfSignificantDeterioration.com

Renewable Energy Institute

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